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Narrative - Barthes

on December 03, 2018

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Hall: Audience theory

Hall: Reception theory The theory states that media texts are encoded by the producer, meaning that whoever produces the text fills the product with values and messages. The text is then decoded by the audience. Different spectators will decode the text in different ways, not always in the way the producer intended. A text can be received in one of three ways: Dominant or preferred reading - Read in the way the producer intended - the audience agrees with the messages and ideology that the producer has placed behind the text. How? Clear message, audience might be same age/culture, relevant to audiences society, easy to understand/relatable. Negotiated reading - The audience accepts the views of the producer but have they own input and understanding of the text. They do not agree or disagree, they can however see a point being made in relation to the reading while also making their own opinions. How? Audience might not have same life experience, age might vary, don't ...

Theory and frameworks

Theory and frameworks Media language Levi Strauss - Strauss argues binary oppositions e.g. good v evil work in narrative to engage an audience to help us to process the real world. "Structuralism is the study of the hidden rules that govern a structure." Barthes Neale Baudrillard Industries Hesmondhalgh - Media industries follow capitalist pattern controlled by a few conglomerates in order to reduce risk. "Cultural industries follow the normal capitalist pattern of increasing concentration and integration." Curran and Seaton Livingstone and Lunt Representation Gauntlet - In the modern world, it is now an expectation that individuals make choices about their identity and lifestyle. Even in the traditional media, there are many diverse and contradictory media messages that individuals can use to think through their identities and ways of expressing themselves. "The media have an important but complex relations...

Narrative - Neale

Mise-en-scene: Set - Langley (CIA Base) Props - Guns, bombs, knives Costumes - Military uniforms Typical narrative: Binary oppositions - bad guy/good guy Police and terrorists Political/military and psychological drama, not just crime Generic/Stock Characters: Female lead who has bi-polar disorder Themes: Police vs criminals Evaluate the relevance of Neale's theory to long term television drama (Homeland). Neale's narrative theory relates to Homeland in terms of the Mise-en-scene, narrative, characters and themes. Neale's theory argues that genre is a process of which conventions and generic codes are shared by producers and audiences through repetition in media products. The mise-en-scene in Homelands supports the theory of repetition as they have used very conventional props, costumes and set designs for a crime drama, for example the set is at Langley, the CIA base, the props they use are guns, bombs and knives and the...

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Narrative - Barthes

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